Wallingford/Jarlov Family Trees

http://horowhenua.kete.net.nz/adopt_an_anzac/topics/show/464-percy-nation

Credit “Adopt an Anzac Project”

William Nation (Percy's father) concern for children as well as his deep love of nature may have prompted his campaign for the introduction of Arbor Day in New Zealand. He had read of the movement in the United States, where a special day was set aside for school children to plant trees, and he wrote to the Greytown Borough Council suggesting that they support a similar scheme. The Council endorsed the idea, but would not fund it. Nation raised the money himself, by staging various entertainments, and was soon able to arrange the planting of 150 trees beside the road south to Featherston. A ceremony took place on 3 July 1890; the day was declared a holiday in Greytown and over 800 Maori and Pakeha gathered to hear speeches and to plant the trees, some of which are still standing Nation's efforts to introduce Arbor Day at a local level were matched by Dunedin conservationist Alexander Bathgate's campaign to have Arbor Day declared a National holiday. This was achieved in 1892.

Evening Post 30 Nov 1887 The Wairarapa Election Sensation

Alleged Criminal Libel

William Charles Nation, proprietor of the Wairarapa Standard, was charged at the Magistrate's Court to-day, before Mr Wardell, on the information of Henry Anderson, with having, on the 12th September, unlawfully and maliciously published a certain defamatory libel of and concerning the informant, to wit... [continued]

PERSONAL.
Colonist, Volume L, Issue 12159, 6 February 1908, Page 2

Mr William Charles Nation has been appointed Coroner for the Levin district.

The Wairarapa Election Sensation,
Evening Post, Volume XXXIV, Issue 130, 30 November 1887, Page 2
The Wairarapa Election Sensation,

ALLEGED CRIMINAL LIBEL. William Charles Nation, proprietor of the Wairarapa Standard, was charged at the Magistrate's Court to-day, before Mr. Wardell, on the information of Henry Anderson, with having, on the 12th September, unlawfully and maliciously published a certain defamatory libel of and concerning the informant, to wit "Is the employment by Mr. Bunny and Mr. Ballance of a notorious creature like Jock Anderson [meaning thereby the informant] as defender of Christian faith and as a public servant likely to do harm to the cause of Christianity and the public service? Before our readers consider this, let them reflect that this unhappy outcast Anderson [meaning thereby the informant] has constantly violated the code of Christian ethics; that he has been even picked out of the gutter, where his unrestrained vices had cast him, by Mr. Ballance - himself a notorious infidel - that Anderson [meaning the informant] is now a clerk in the Native Department, eating the public bread placed in his mouth by an infidel, and which every infidel taxpayer in the community - ourselves included - assists to pay for. Then let the electors ask themselves whether such a creature (meaning thereby the informant) should dare pose as a defender of that faith which has at least been sanctified by the lives and deaths of myriads of noble men and true, pure women. In any election contest those who participate are bound to essay some uncongenial duties, but there is a depth of degradation to which we are not prepared to sink - that is to enter into any personal controversy with the degraded Henry or Jock Anderson. Let Mr. Bunny and Mr. Ballance use him as their bully if they please, as he has been used before. While fearing neither them nor him, we do fear and object to have our name associated with such a lost creature (meaning thereby the accused)." A second information charged the defendant that he did on the 6th September publish the following article, containing a defamatory libel : - "Jock Anderson (meaning thereby the informant), Ballance's dipsomaniac. . . . . Well, the general public objects to rusty revolvers, razors, bludgeons - a stock of which Jock (meaning thereby the informant) carries concealed on his unhandsome person to assail small men with. Then there is always a fear of spontaneous combustion where he is, and - Here he is! Well, he can't hear what you say, Heaven be thanked. Enter Jock in the historical helmet, green coat, soiled shirt collar, big stick, dirty clay pipe, Maori kit, with a publichouse gin funnel as an ear trumpet . . . During this time Jock (meaning the informant) has seized the whisky jug, and is draining it. Bunny, Forbes, and Armstrong try to prevent him. In the struggle there is an awful flash of light, and Jock (meaning thereby the
informant) is seen to be enveloped in flames. There is also an awful stench. They all stagger back, and when next they look for Jock (meaning thereby the informant) all they can find is the Maori kit and the publichouse funnel. Omnes - Where's Jock (meaning the informant)? Beckett - Gone! Spontaneous combustion. This should be a warning to some of you fellows." Mr. Skerrett appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Gray for the defendant. On the application of Mr. Gray, an adjournment was granted until Wednesday next on both charges, defendant's verbal promise to appear on that day being accepted by the Court.

PERSONAL PARS.
NZ Truth , Issue 123, 26 October 1907, Page 1

It isn't often one finds a newspaper editor who is a spiratunlist - the average journalist sees too much of the sidelights of religion to be other than hard, practical and materialistic - but W. C. Nation, who runs the "Manawatu Farmer," is touched on the spiritualistic spot, and delivers lectures to an unbelieving multitude occasionally. After all, most editors believe in spirits, when their thoughts do not run on beer..

from http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc01Cycl-t1-body-d4-d126-d11.html

Title: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand [Wellington Provincial District]
Author: Cyclopedia Company Limited
Publication details: The Cyclopedia Company, Limited, 1897, Wellington
Part of: The Cyclopedia of New Zealand

Mr. William Charles Nation, the senior partner in the firm of Nation and Son, who was born at Sydney, New South Wales, in 1840, is the son of Mr. William Nation, who founded the Nelson Colonist in 1857. Prior to this he was printer of The Sydney Press, Dr. Lang's paper, and others well known throughout Australia. The subject of this sketch began his career in his father's office as a runner. In 1857 he came to New Zealand, and spent seven years on the Nelson Colonist, then he was employed on the Christchurch Press for eleven years. When the New Zealand Times became the property of Mr. Chantrey Harris, Mr. Nation accepted a position in that office, where his energy and perseverance soon gained him promotion, he being placed in charge of the jobbing, machinery, and news departments. In 1880 he took over the Wairarapa Standard from Mr. Richard Wakelin, which he carried on for thirteen years, during which the Standard came greatly into prominence. After selling to Mr. Roydhouse in 1893, Mr. Nation came to the West Coast of the North Island, settling at Shannon and establishing the Manawatu Farmer. The institution of Arbor Day in New Zealand is credited to Mr. Nation, who published an able leader in the Wairarapa Standard of the 16th of April. 1890, and convened a meeting to consider the advisability of planting the streets around Greytown with trees. A letter from the Mayor, thanking Mr. Nation for having set the project on foot, and for having taken such a practical interest in the movement, was shown to the writer. The streets of Shannon are now being lined with trees owing principally to Mr. Nation's enthusiam in this direction.

William Charles Nation was born in Sydney, Australia, on 18 February 1840, the eldest child of William Nation, a printer, and his wife, Mary Jenkin Howe. In 1857 the family moved to Nelson, New Zealand. On arrival William junior began work as a printer for the Colonist newspaper, established by his father. An advocate of temperance, he helped organise a Band of Hope for young people and also joined the Nelson Volunteers.

After the Otago goldrush began, Nation moved south, and spent a short time working in Dunedin and Lyttelton printing offices, before returning to Nelson. When he received an offer of work at the Christchurch Press he accepted. Before leaving Nelson he married Sarah Ann Webley, on 12 August 1864. They were to have six daughters and two sons.

Nation worked in the jobbing room of the Press for 12 years. He then left to join the staff of the Wellington Independent. After overseeing all aspects of printing at the Independent and its successor, the New Zealand Times , Nation decided to strike out on his own, and in 1881 bought the Wairarapa Standard in Greytown from Richard Wakelin.

While at Greytown Nation's long association with spiritualism began. In March 1883 he and three of his daughters performed an experiment designed to test the theory of spirit survival. After discovering that they could apparently cause a table to move without exerting physical force on it, they carried out other spiritualist exercises, including automatic writing. Nation believed that his daughter Bertha was the channel for the phenomena, and she was soon in demand as a medium.

Some local ministers of religion investigated Nation's activities and he had a dispute in the press with L. M. Isitt, a prominent Methodist minister, who was sceptical about the Nation family's claims. Nation, however, adhered to his interpretation of events and asserted that his spiritualist beliefs were consistent with the Christian religion. Formerly an Anglican Sunday school superintendent, he renounced his orthodox faith. He later claimed that he and his family were pressured by the church, and that he was persecuted in business.

A spiritualist circle was formed and met regularly at Nation's house. The group was led by a recently widowed woman known as 'Mrs C', who had discovered her mediumship there. The Ngati Kahungunu chief Tamahau Mahupuku of Papawai was invited to take part in some of the meetings, at which he was reported to have made spirit writings, and Te Manihera Te Rangi-taka-i-waho was convinced that Bertha Nation had made contact with his deceased daughter. William combined his faith with his business, and in June 1887 established a spiritualist paper called More Light , the title page of which carried the legend, 'That which we have seen and heard declare we unto you.' All the work required to publish the paper, from writing articles to typesetting, was done by Nation alone.

Children, with whom Nation had a special empathy, were the focus of much of his missionary work for spiritualism. He actively supported the lyceum system of spiritualist training for children, and he also wrote about the teachings of child spirit guides who had manifested themselves at his seances. He always delighted in organising educational activities for children and involving them in fund raising for charitable causes.

Nation's concern for children as well as his deep love of nature may have prompted his campaign for the introduction of Arbor Day in New Zealand. He had read of the movement in the United States, where a special day was set aside for schoolchildren to plant trees, and he wrote to the Greytown Borough Council suggesting that they support a similar scheme. The council endorsed the idea, but would not fund it. Nation raised the money himself, by staging various entertainments, and was soon able to arrange the planting of 150 trees beside the road south to Featherston. A ceremony took place on 3 July 1890; the day was declared a holiday in Greytown and over 800 Maori and Pakeha gathered to hear speeches and to plant the trees, some of which are still standing. Nation's efforts to introduce Arbor Day at a local level were matched by Dunedin conservationist Alexander Bathgate's campaign to have Arbor Day declared a national holiday. This was achieved in 1892.

In order to improve his business prospects, Nation sold the Standard in 1893 and moved to Shannon. Here he was joined by his son Charles Cecil, and together they published the Manawatu Farmer and Horowhenua County Chronicle. At Shannon Nation was appointed registrar of births, deaths and marriages. Although he had ceased to publish More Light , he maintained his commitment to spiritualism, and also arranged an Arbor Day for Shannon in 1894.

In 1896 Joseph Ivess began producing the Levin and Manakau Express and Horowhenua County Advertiser. Alarmed by the competition, Nation moved his entire business, including the building itself, to Levin where he thrived and was eventually able to absorb the rival paper into his own. In 1909 he sold it to D. S. Papworth. While continuing as registrar of births, deaths and marriages for Shannon, Nation served as coroner for Levin for nearly 17 years and was appointed a justice of the peace in 1899. He once more raised funds for tree planting, this time for the South African War memorial avenue in Cambridge Street. His son, Percy, had been killed in the war.

At Levin, Nation's involvement in spiritualism intensified. In 1903 he established another spiritualist newspaper, the Message of Life. The monthly paper was a success and for years Nation produced it single-handedly in a shed behind his residence. He republished many of his articles in a book, Remarkable experiences in the phenomena of spiritualism in New Zealand (1907) which went to three editions in New Zealand and one in Canada. This was followed by several other publications, including Life here and hereafter (1914). He was for 13 years president of the National Council of the Spiritualist Church and travelled the country, visiting and encouraging isolated spiritualist groups. Later he was a member of the Spiritualist Church of New Zealand, and served on its executive committee for four years.

William Charles Nation died at Levin on 29 May 1930. His wife had predeceased him in 1923, and only four of his eight children survived him. The July 1930 issue of the Message of Life paid tribute to 'Grandpa Nation, New Zealand's grand old man in the cause of Spiritualism'. Today he is best remembered as one of the earliest supporters of the Arbor Day movement in New Zealand.

GARETH WINTER

Law, M. D. From bush & swamp. Palmerston North, 1987

HOW TO CITE THIS BIOGRAPHY:
Winter, Gareth. 'Nation, William Charles 1840 - 1930'. Dictionary of New Zealand Biography, updated 22 June 2007
URL: http://www.dnzb.govt.nz/

The original version of this biography was published in the Dictionary of New Zealand Biography Volume Three (1901-1920), 1996
© Crown Copyright 1996-2010. Published by the Ministry for Culture and Heritage, Wellington, New

He died his home on Exeter Street in Levin.

This text from the document found at:
http://www.victoria.ac.nz/lals/about/staff/publications/paul-nation/WCNations-memoirs.doc

W.C. Nation’s memoirs

[The original version of these memoirs are in a hand written school exercise book now in the possession of Peter Nation of 9 Duna Place, Palmerston North. They were written in 1921, see page 8 of this document.] [Items in square brackets were not in the original document.]

W.C. Nation was born in Sydney on February 18, 1840. His father and mother came out to New Zealand [Australia?] in 1838 with the Trood family. Mr Trood was a printer, and on arrival opened up a business in King Street, near Pitt Street. The father and mother of this memoir were William Nation, of Somerset, England, and Mary Jenkin Howe, of the same shire. Soon after arrival in Sydney - they both came out with the Troods - they were married at St James’ Church, Sydney. Mary Howe was a domestic for Mrs Trood until her marriage, and Mr Nation came out as an apprentice to the printing business. These were the days when convicts were sent to Australia, and free emigrants had to be very careful, for there was much lawlessness and the convicts were treated with great cruelty by those in authority. W.C. Nation was the eldest son of a family of nine.

W.C. Nation, the subject of this memoir, was, as stated, born at Sydney. He remembers as a small lad that his father went into business for himself as a printer and commenced business in Harrington Street in part of the store owned by Bryers and Learmont merchants. W.C. Nation went to a day school in York Street, the room being under the Wesleyan church. In those days the soldiers' barracks was located between George and Sussex streets, east and west, and Jamieson and Wynard streets, north and south, and the boy used to go through the barracks every day to school. In Harrington Street his father printed the "Layman Prompter" and the "Press" edited by Dr Laing.

The printing office was removed to Gloucester Street, three doors behind St Patrick's Cathedral. Here "The Voice in the Wilderness" was printed for the Presbyterian body, and Mr Nation senior started in January, 1856, "The Australian Band of Hope Review and Children's Friend". It was published every alternate Saturday, price XX, 16 pages demi octavo. This journal interested our boy and he not only learned the type boxes and set type for the journal, but gradually worked into the business of printer. It shaped his life course, and in after years, when he entered business for himself as a newspaper proprietor, he worked through the press for temperance, "gospel truth", and Spiritualism.

As a boy he remembers buying tops and marbles at Henry Parkes stationery and toy shop in Hunter Street, near George Street. Henry Parkes in years after was Sir Henry, a notable Sydney politician. Our boy was present at the turning of the first sod of the Sydney-Paramatta railway. He knew Sydney and suburbs well for he was runner for "The Voice in the Wilderness". He was put to Doctor Kinnear's high school in Lyons Terrace, Hyde Park South, and overstudy told upon his health, when he was sent to Manly Beach to spend three months with Mr and Mrs Miles. Manly was then in the backwoods. No steamer ran there, and the walk was from North Shore through much scrub country, where snakes and kangaroos and opossums had the field to themselves. All the way from North Shore to Manly few houses were to be seen.

Our boy spent three months at Manly, which he says were the happiest days of his life. The Bush, the lagoon, the hills, the beach, the sea, the rocks -- all worked wonders with the lad. He fished from a dinghy day after day, and caught trout; he loved to help the settlers open the lagoon when it was high, and letting the water out to the sea; he took great interest in a Sunday School held in Mr Miles' cottage; and when he returned to Sydney he left his heart behind him.

When about 16 years of age he took a warm interest in Band of Hope work, and attended the Baptist Chapel Sunday school, in Bathurst Street. Here he came in contact with several good lads and this led him to go to the Baptist Chapel, which his mother and attended, and under the preaching of the Reverend J. Voller he was baptised and made a member of the Church.

He Comes to New Zealand

In 1857 Mr Wm Lighthand of Nelson, New Zealand, interviewed Mr Nation at Sydney and urged him to go to New Zealand and start a paper in opposition to the "Nelson Examiner". It resulted in Mr Nation, with his family, his plant, and several hands, leaving Sydney in September, 1857, in the brig "Dart”, and after a fine passage of nine days, arriving at Nelson port. The paper was named "The Nelson Colonist", and the office was away down on the beach road, not far from the Fifeshire Rock. It was away from the town and militated against business, but after a while an office was built up town in Waimea Street, and from that spot the "Colonist" of today is published. The office, though, being on the beach gave Mr Nation, when a vessel was signalled of going out on the boat and boarding the vessels that came from beyond. In those days there was no cable, no telegraph with other parts of New Zealand, and vessels were stormed for the latest papers from which to clip news.

W.C. Nation’s Reminiscences

As a child [I] remember going with my mother to the Methodist Chapel in Princes Street, Sydney. We then lived close to the building. Then my parents lived at Miller’s Point, and I used to go to the Baptist Sunday School in Bassett Street -- a long walk. It was here that I received my first Sunday School prize, and I was coming home with it full of joy. On the way an older boy asked me to let them have a look at the book. I was pleased that he should want to see it, and handed it to him. But he ran off with the book and I went home in tears. This, I believe, was my first sorrow in this life.

My father shifted to Harrington Street, where he was in business on his own account in part of a store owned by Bryers and Learmont, Scotch Presbyterians. We lived in front of the office and I was sent to the day school in York Street, held under the Methodist Chapel. Mr McPhail was the teacher. I remember playing truant for a fortnight, and spent the days mostly on the Circular Quay where I delighted in seeing the slinging of merchandise both off and on the vessels, the slinging of horses from the hold into the water; and I learnt the difference between brigs and brigantines and ships. I sat on the end of the wharf and watched the fishes and many a crumb of my lunch went amongst them. Although I played truant for a fortnight I learnt much of the ships and how the great business of the sea was carried on. But my enjoyment ended in discovery and I was punished at school by being stood on a form with a tall dunce’s cap on my head.

While living in Harrington Street my father printed a monthly journal for the Presbyterians called "The Voice in the Wilderness". He also printed "The Press" (weekly) for Doctor John Dunmore Lang and another paper for other proprietors "The Layman’s Prompter". I used to do some work in the office, and I well remember how my arms used to ache as I used the "ball" to put ink on the forms, instead of the roller.

In going to the day school I had to pass through the soldiers barracks, which was then situated between George and Sussex streets. Here I saw something of a soldier's life in his home and on the parade ground. (But some of my boyhood experiences are related on a former page of this book.)

In 1857 our family came to New Zealand. I joined the Baptist church in Bridge Street, and became a teacher in the Sunday School. I also sat in the choir, Miss Daniell being organist. I joined the Y.M.C.A.and worked for it; also the xx and Temperance society, and then I took hold of a Band of Hope and worked it up to a proud position. I interviewed influential gentlemen and got them to lecture on attractive subjects. And I spent much labour in preparing programmes of entertainments by the young people.

Nor did I forget to work for the Baptist Church in the midst of it all. I used to help fill the baptistery for the baptisms, was a power in preparing for the team meetings, and when there was a young people's picnic I was looked to as a capable manager. My father became precentor of the Presbyterian church, and I used to attend their singing practices. And at the Wesleyan Church at the anniversary tea meetings I was generally in the choir to help with the anthems.

I was very fond of foot racing and cricket. And I joined the volunteers under Capt. Travers, and the company was prepared by pretty hard drill to go to New Plymouth to take part in the war with the Maoris. As a youth I had a good constitution and I could hold my own in the sports and pastimes I engaged in.

In going to the various churches at the anniversaries and singing practices I came across several desirable young women acquaintances, but though we were on the best of terms, I did not find a magnet. I walked about much with a Miss L. Hooper, but she was not my choice, and I went on until I was 23 years of age before I found my affinity, and this was in the Baptist Sunday School in Miss Annie Webley, oldest daughter of Mr J Webley cloth manufacturer, of Brook Street Valley. We were both teachers at the Sunday School, and in 1864 we were married by Mr Biss at the home of her parents.

I must not forget to say that about this time the Wakamarino diggings broke out, near Havelock, and nearly every businessman in Nelson took on the gold fever and went all over the Mokotapu hill to search for the precious metal. Joshua Johns urged me to join him and Samuel Fittal and go too. I, after some thought, consented and we three went. But Fittal was taken ill and though we went to the Pelorus River one afternoon and tried with our dish, we did not get a "colour". As Fittal was away from medical help we considered it best to return the following day and we sold our belongings and tramped away home again. This ended our search for gold.

Of course I forfeited my place at the "Colonist" office, where I had worked since we came to New Zealand, and I wrote to Christchurch for a fresh place. Mr Collins, who at one time had worked on the “Nelson Examiner" wrote and asked me to come as quickly as possible – wages ₤ 3.10/- a week and 1/6 an hour overtime. This meant the breakup of the old associations and leaving home. But what of our marriage? We talked it over and felt that it would be best to get through the ceremony at once -- I to go on to Christchurch, and my wife to follow in a month. I did not consider it safe to leave a good opening down south just to run home for marriage. All were agreed. So we were married on 12 August, 1864, and after the ceremony I left in a steamer that was on the point of sailing.

My wife remained in Nelson and I was soon in Christchurch, where I entered the "Press" office jobbing room, where I spent 13 years.

In a month's time my wife came from Nelson, and I met her in Lyttleton. We walked over the hill together, for there was no tunnel between Heathcote and Lyttleton then. We sat on the hillside and had our first meal together there. I had taken a three-roomed house in Madras Street South, about 100 yards from the Railway Station. Here we lived very happily for some time. We both attended the Congregational Church, held in Bonnington's Hall, and we taught in the Sunday School. At the Press office, in company with George Jones, (afterwards an M.L.Lxx) we started the "Temperance Messenger", the first Temperance paper in New Zealand. Then we started "The Southern Record", a non-sectarian religious paper, which we after disposed of to Mr J.G. Baker a Wesleyan bookseller.

Later my wife and I fell in with the Griffen family who kept a shop on the Papanui road. This led to us going to the Brethren meetings and John Howard and I started a ragged school, Howard beating up scholars and I teaching them in the little Oddfellows Hall. This school grew into an ordinary Sunday School. Then wife and I joined the Brethren, and while amongst them I started "The Message of Life" a gospel monthly of eight pages* (*carried it on for seven years, from 1867 to 1875). My parents now came from Nelson to Christchurch and my father set the type for the "Message" at home. We lived in Madras Street until after Mary was born. Later Annie (my wife) took a trip to Nelson, taking baby with her, and I carried the little one over the hill in a shawl, on my back, Maori fashion.

It was in Christchurch that I was led to speak in public. One Sunday night a home missionary (Mr Binsmead) was speaking near the Papanui Bridge and during his speaking two or three young men kept interjecting chaff. I waited until Mr Binsmead had finished, then stepped into his place and "let go". It was a sudden impulse and words flowed freely. There was a good crowd and they drew close around me. Several shook hands with me at the close of my address and hoped that I would not keep my mouth shut in future. This led me to preach "the old, old story" in the open air and at the Brethren meetings. Meanwhile I worked in the Sunday School and at the Music Hall had about 150 or 200 children with several teachers.

In 1875 I left Christchurch and after working a fortnight in the Government Printing Office, at Wellington, I was offered the position of overseer of the jobbing room at the office of the "New Zealand Times". We lived on the Terrace overlooking the harbour. Gradually I drifted away from the old Orthodox teachings, though I taught in Mr Hazelden's Sunday School for a time. Mr Chantry Harris was then proprietor of the "Times", and it was not long before he added the oversight of the machine room to my duties, and finally he put the whole of the business except the publishing and the bookkeeping in my charge. The office was moved from where the old "Independent" under Thos. McKenzie had been printed for years to where the "New Zealander" was published, but came to grief. The premises were in the block near where the Midland Hotel now stands. Here I was Mr Harris' chief man and confidant, and ran the newspaper composing room, the jobbing, and the machine rooms. I had control of everything.

In 1880 I purchased "The Wairarapa Standard" published at Greytown N., and removed there. Here I had a hard fight. My brother Edward joined me in the venture, but he got tired of it and went back to Wellington. The paper was not what it was made out to be by Mr Wakelin, and it was a great strain on me to keep going. I did a lot of riding over the country collecting news, money and jobbing. But I was strong and knew no fatigue to speak of.

Before Spiritualism broke out in our home I preached occasionally for the Wesleyan's and for two years I was superintendent of the Church of England Sunday School and sang in the Church of England choir. The extraordinary spiritual phenomena which happened in 1893 are given in a book on our experiences [The Unseen World].

I took much interest in the children of the town. I joined Mr Rush first thing in his juvenile meetings and when he left I carried on. I also got up children’s entertainments, drilling them in singing and elocution. I wrote to the borough council suggesting the origination of "Arbor Day" in New Zealand, and the suggestion was favourably received. I was left to act as secretary and majordomo and I carried out the work successfully, receiving from Mr Ritchie of the Agriculture Department a letter of commendation for my effort. I carried on this work for two or three years after.

I printed a monthly journal in advocacy of Spiritualism for 3½ years. It was an eight-page crown 4to [quarto], set in XXpicu & l.p., price 1d. With two or three of my girls I went to
Papawai for some time and held meetings in the meeting house there. The Maoris in a trap to conveyed our little organ to the place and we had good meetings.

I helped to form a Psychological Society in Greytown and we had as mediums Mrs Cotter, Mrs Loasby, and Mrs R Bright. The circles in our home were of unusual interest. Clergyman attacks on Spiritualism drew me out and I spoke at Morrison Bush schoolhouse and published my remarks in the Wairarapa Standard.

For two years I acted as superintendent of the Church of England Sunday School, Miss Ethel Knell assisting me.

In the year 1896 I sold the Wairarapa Standard to Wm Roydhouse, and leaving mater and the girls in Greytown I went to Shannon to arrange for starting a paper there. I went to Christchurch to purchase type, purchased a machine for £50 from W. H. Smith of Palmerston North, arranged with my wife's brother Joseph to build an office, purchased 1/8 of an acre of ground in Ballance Street, and Charlie, from this time, was associated in business with me. He, with Fred Jones, rode on three horses round from Greytown to Shannon. The office was very slow in building and I was put to considerable expense boarding Joseph Webley, John Vernon, myself, and the boys at the hotel. As soon as the roof was on the office, Charlie and Fred Jones slept in a back room, while Percy and I dossed in the front office. Then Eva came round from Greytown and started dressmaking in a front room in the office, she sleeping there. It was a rough time for all of us, for we had to make a fire in the open-air at the back, have our meals on a bench at the back of the office, and put up with inconveniences. We couldn't find a cottage for some time, until at last we got one near Mr Hensman's. Then Bertha and Jessie came round from Greytown to work in the office, also Grandma and Grandpa Nation, and they lived in this cottage. By and by we secured another house from Mrs Butt not far from the office, and here grandma and grandpa and Uncle John lived. We next got a house from Mr Cassie, over the line, and as mater and Annie had been having a very bad time in Greytown we sent for them. During their enforced stay in Greytown Mrs Rogers of the Greytown hotel was very good to them. Annie was suffering from an ulcerated leg. Mary was still left behind. She had married Fred Barratt, and now she and husband followed with Norman and Walter as a little kiddie. Fred got work on the river drafting logs, but was not very successful at this. Mary had a hard time of it.

We turned out a good paper called "The Manawatu Farmer", started October 9, 1893, John Vernon working down the line for advertisements and news. I had to do much scribbling, while Jessie and Bertha and grandpa worked at case. Often, when the formes were on the machine young fellows about would come in and turn the formes off, making the old machine rattle with the speed they put on. When mater came round to Shannon we began to get a bit square, but we all felt the loss of our old comfortable home in Greytown where we lived on the Kwratiwhiti road, with an orchard around us.

During our stay in Shannon and I again worked up "Arbor Day". I got up juvenile entertainments in the schoolhouse and the first effort at planting was in Ballance Street from the hotel up to the Reserve. A second year the Maoris took part planting along Plimmer Terrace, while the children planted trees along by the schoolhouse in Grey Street. The girls now took a hand in providing life in the town. They took part in concerts and several dances and balls in Fitchett's Hall, since removed.

We did very little in holding spiritualistic circles during our stay in Shannon. While we were there Grandma Nation "passed on" and she was buried in the cemetery on the hill. We spent four years in Shannon and then removed to Levin, taking the Manawatu Farmer printing plant with us. For years I acted as Registrar of Births, Marriages and Deaths at Shannon and as a Justice of the Peace.

Levin

It was a very heavy task shifting from Shannon all the plant of the office and our household goods. The change from one town to another was brought about by the fact that Levin as a town was outgrowing Shannon, that "Joey Ivess” had started a paper at Levin under the name of the "Levin Express", and unless we made a move, Shannon could not support us. So I went to Levin on hearing that Joey had sold out to two of his hands there and that they did not agree. We came to terms Chas. and I agreeing to pay them £30 goodwill, they to remove all their plant away from Levin. The "office" was a four-roomed cottage in which a dressmaker had carried on business formerly. With our office plant we found the place too small and we had to enlarge. The windows of the office in Shannon being large we brought them to Levin. It was in 1897, I believe, that we started in this town. We secured a dwelling in Cambridge Street not far from the Anglican Church. What an expense the shifting was. Looking back I wonder how we survived the strain. In addition to the office premises we had an office close by where John Vernon lodged and this before we left Shannon. Well, we got upon our feet, and to produce the "Manawatu Farmer" as cheaply as possible we put two girls on at case: Jessie Nicholson and Louie Alloway. We had with us "Pony Merson" formerly of Greytown and my brother John. Out of the four mentioned Vernon, my brother John, Merson, and Jessie Nicholson "passed on" years ago. I must not forget to mention that we took Fred Jones into the business and he was a good hustler, but too fond of sport while Chas. and I worked. As time wore on we jibbed and told Fred we could not go on with him doing the grand and we the work. He kicked and said he would go out of the business for £400 as his share. We agreed, raised the money and he went. Chas. and I plodded on, but the raising of £400 to buy him out and the uphill pull we had brought us to the conclusion that the burden was too heavy to bear and we sold out to a company. Had Jones played the game we could have built up a splendid business and been independent. He was the millstone which sank us. Chas. went to Ohakune and worked with P.J. Dunne, who had the “Times” there. Dunne was too fond of the waipero and the business was drifting back, when Chas. took it over. He strengthened it but had domestic trials. However, he pulled through. As for myself I remained in Levin and for a time managed the paper for the Company. Previous to the break with Fred Jones he arranged with Mr Hope for the purchase of his residence at the corner of Cambridge and Exeter streets, and we moved in there, Fred and his wife (he had married Jessie) living wit us. I still was Registrar of Births, Marriages and Deaths, and I, also, was appointed Coroner for the district, which I held for many years.

In Levin we did not as a family take part in public entertainments as we did in Shannon. I did take up work at the Horowhenua village settlement among the young people, and we had some good gatherings. We planted a row of poplars all along the road there, but they disappeared by degrees. By a concert in Levin I planted a "Memorial Avenue" in Exeter Street, between the two churches, and the trees are growing today.

Once settled in Levin I started "The Message of Life" 8 pages, demy 4to, monthly. This paper I have published for over 18 years now (1921) setting the type myself in a room at the back of our house, and getting the formes machined at the printing office. We started a Spiritualist Society in our first home in Levin, then we held services in the Road Board room, when C.N. Roberts (since passed on) and R.H. Taylor were the mediums -- and they were good. I was chosen president, and have held the office for many years now. In time a little hall was built, when the sections belonging to be Wellington-Manawatu Railway were put up to auction. In this little hall we had some happy meetings with Mrs Sigglekow as medium for speaking and Mrs Robinson for clairvoyance. We did a great deal of work among the spirits in the lower planes of spirit life, Mr Windelev been much used for them to come through. He passed on after a good period spent in this work.

Before F. Jones left the office he entered into an agreement with Mr Hope for the purchase of the residence on the hill where he lived. Mr Hope came to me and offered the place at 15/- a week. When Jones left Levin I took over the place from Hope and here in 1921 (at the time of writing) we are living, mater and I and Annie and Harold, and Mr Averill, who has worked in the garden and made it a place of beauty. I may here say that Annie bought the place from us, paying £900. Mater and I out of this gave each of the girls and Chas. £100 each, retaining the balance to live on. It was while living here that my brother John passed on, and we buried him in Shannon, next to mother’s grave. At the rear of our property lived Mr and Mrs Sigglekow, and she attended our meetings and by my aid was developed in our front room. She became one of us, and her psychic gifts were excellent. She was brought into our lives by spirit people, and in time was married to Chas. and lived happily with him.

Our Family

Mary had the misfortune to lose her husband, Fred during our residence in Levin. He was employed with Chas and I at the office as reporter and lived in Weraroa Street. He had his home lighted by electricity, and in seeing to the acetalyne tank one evening it exploded, struck him in the forehead, and rendered him senseless. After nursing him some weeks and consciousness not returning he was removed to the Wellington Hospital, where he lay for 20 weeks, only getting a glimmer of consciousness now and then. He was buried in Karori cemetery. In 1914 the Great War broke out and Mary's two sons Eric and Walter volunteered. Eric was engaged in repairing the disabled motor cars. Walter went into the trenches. Both came back free of wounds, though Walter was in hospital both in France and England. Norman went into camp but the war closing he came home. He was already married. Hilda married John Hesson. Elsie remained single. Eva married Alf Oldfield. They came across each other when we lived in Shannon. They settled at Kimbolton, then at Cheltenham and Feilding where they prospered and had a comfortable home. The family comprised Bertha, Alfred, Molly and Percy.

Bertha married John Devine at Levin. His work was at Bartholomew's sawmill as manager. Bertha's psychic gifts are reported in the book "The Unseen World". The children were Reginald who passed away in childhood at Levin; Clarence and Hazel. The family migrated to Kaingaroa, north of Auckland, where Jack managed a big sawmill and did well. But before going North Jack and his wife were some time in Wellington where Jack and Harold Plimmer were in business in the tea line.

Jessie married Fred J Jones, whom Chas. and I took into business. He spent too much time on pleasure and left Chas and I to do the work, so we parted. He went to America on a visit, taking Jessie with him. Mater and I took charge of their first baby Raymond, while they were absent. On their return they removed to Auckland, where Fred took up newspaper work in one of the offices. He afterwards went to Hamilton and Rotorua. He went to Raetihi and started the "Waimarino Call". Left Raetihi for Rotorua, got into trouble there and left for Sydney, leaving his wife and family behind him -- a family of four: Raymond, Muriel, Audrey, and Keith. Charlie's wife had a property next to us on the hill in Levin and she and Chas and generously gave Jessie and family the privilege of living in the four-roomed house for years. Jessie suffered much from an internal complaint and had to go to Palmerston hospital again and again. Fred did not return from Australia except once on a visit in 1921, and then he was with his family only a few days. It is not saying too much to say that he did not send the monetary support to his wife and family that his good billet in Queensland gave him the privilege to do. Being next door to us in Levin we did what he could for the deserted wife and children. Having the house rent-free from Sarah and Charlie was a great help to them.

Charlie and I went into business together when we settled in Shannon. We started "The Manawatu Farmer" there, and worked together very closely to establish it. We shifted the plant and paper to Levin after four years spent in Levin [? Shannon]. Then we took Fred Jones into partnership. Business prospered through our hard work, but Jones shirked and we gave him £400 to get rid of him. This crippled us and the burden became so heavy that we sold the paper and printing plant to a company. Chas. left shares in the new company which, being mismanaged, he lost all. My share helped me to purchase a house on the hill from Mr Hope after Jones left. Chas went to Ohakune and worked with Mr R.J. Dunne on the “Times” managing the paper for him. Chas. had married, but his career in matrimony was spoiled by his first wife getting mixed up with a lodger. A divorce followed and Chas, though free, was much shattered by the blow. But the sun shone again. Mrs Sigglekow had lost her husband. She had been living next door to us in Levin and had been sitting for development work with mater and I in our front room with excellent results. She was a young woman, worthy of a good man’s care and love, and Chas. made her an offer of marriage, which she accepted. They were married at our house, and they both settled at Ohakune. It proved a happy union, and Sarah, as we always called her, proved her worth in the years that followed. Mater and I missed her, for she had sat with us and been a channel for messages and exhortations from friends over the border. She is as dear to us as any of our own. Sarah helped Chas in business where she was able, and her son Lawrence went into the office with Chas and learned his trade. Chas. prospered in business by close application, and when the war broke out, the proprietor of the “Call” at Raetihi was called to the front, and he asked Chas. to take over his paper. Chas. raised the deposit money and made his home in Raetihi. Here he worked with a will, business prospered, he added to the printing plant, and then put in a linotype machine. With a living partner in his wife, thoroughly domesticated and a home bird, all was well. But no family came to them until a little girl came into their lives in January 1920. They named her Violet Pearl, and she is the charm of the household. With a prosperous business, a comfortable home and their home their own property, all is well. At the time of writing Chas runs the "Ohakune Times", which he purchased from Dunne and also the "Call". Lawrence has been with Chas four years, and while Chas resides in Raetihi and sees to the "Call", Lawrence is in Ohakune on the “Times”.

Annie married Harold Plimmer, a grandson of John Plimmer, “the father of Wellington”. At first Harold ran a store in Shannon. Then he went to Wellington and with Jack Devine opened up a business for the sale of teas. He was also clever at photography. Harold and Annie, with others went on a tour to the North, also to the Islands and Australia, and they had a good time all round. Harold and Annie, however were unfortunate in respect to children. They lost one after the other in early days, and it seemed as if there would be no issue left. But a son came, and they named him Harold. Unfortunately the father lost his life before the child was born. The father was in a motorcycle race near Palmerston North when something went wrong with the cycle which dashed against a post killing the rider on the spot. It was a terrible blow to Annie and she feared for the birth of the child, but all was well. After the child was born she came to Levin and lived with mater and I. In the course of years Annie made an offer for the property where mater and I were living. We sold it to her for £900 and donated £100 to each of the children. Annie has spent money on the place, for she was well provided for when her husband died.

Percy was the youngest. He was quick of intellect, but excitable. At school he got on well, and could use his fists when set upon. When we came to Shannon from Greytown he came with us and took out the papers. When I got up entertainments in Greytown Percy was very good as a performer, and in Shannon he was the same. When the Boer war broke out he caught the war spirit and begged us to let him go. He feared he would not pass as a soldier, so he practised with dumb-bells; and so intent was he on going that he went to a blacksmith (Austice) and learned how to shoe horses for, said he "if I cannot get away in the ranks I will try to get as assistant shoer of horses". Then he bought a sax horn and learnt all the bugle calls, so that he could go as bugler if other means failed. He went into camp at Newtown Park, Duncan Anderson, his chum, going with him. They went all through the war together and both fell together at Bothasberg. [There is a memorial to him and Duncan Anderson in Shannon near the old railway station behind the large war memorial.]

[ William Charles Nation, the writer of this memoir, died on 29 May 1930 in Levin in his 91st year. See his obituary in the Message of Life 1st July 1930 which is available as a scanned pdf file.]

[ Lawrence Watty Nation mentioned in this memoir was the father of Elizabeth (Betty), John, Peter and Paul. It seems he changed his name from Sigglekow to Nation after Charles Nation and Sarah Sigglekow married.]